Application Programming Interface (API)

A set of routines that an application uses to request and carry out lower-level services performed by a computer's operating system. These routines usually carry out maintenance tasks such as managing files and displaying information.

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)

A standard single-byte character encoding scheme used for text-based data. ASCII uses designated 7-bit or 8-bit number combinations to represent either 128 or 256 possible characters. Standard ASCII uses 7 bits to represent all uppercase and lowercase letters, the numbers 0 through 9, punctuation marks, and special control characters used in U.S. English. Most current x86-based systems support the use of extended (or "high") ASCII. Extended ASCII allows the eighth bit of each character to identify an additional 128 special symbol characters, foreign-language letters, and graphic symbols.

Allocation Unit or Cluster.

The smallest amount of disk space that can be allocated to hold a file. All file systems used by Windows organize hard disks based on allocation units. The smaller the allocation unit size, the more efficiently a disk stores information. If you do not specify an allocation unit size when formatting the disk, Windows picks default sizes based on the size of the volume. These default sizes are selected to reduce the amount of space that is lost and the amount of fragmentation on the volume. An allocation unit is also called a cluster.

Advance of Mastering Windows Bootcfg.

Configures, queries, or changes Boot.ini file settings.

To view the command syntax, click a command:

bootcfg addsw

Adds operating system load options for a specified operating system entry.

Syntax

bootcfg /addsw [/s Computer [/u Domain\User /p Password]] [/mm MaximumRAM] [/bv] [/so] [/ng] /id OSEntryLineNum

Parameters

/s Computer

Specifies the name or IP address of a remote computer (do not use backslashes). The default is the local computer.

/u Domain\User

Runs the command with the account permissions of the user specified by User or Domain\User. The default is the permissions of the current logged on user on the computer issuing the command.

/p Password

Specifies the password of the user account that is specified in the /u parameter.

/mm MaximumRAM

Adds the /maxmem switch to the specified OSEntryLineNum and sets the maximum amount of RAM that the operating system can use.

/bv

Adds the /basevideo switch to the specified OSEntryLineNum, directing the operating system to use standard VGA mode for the installed video driver.

/so

Adds the /sos switch to the specified OSEntryLineNum, directing the operating system to display device driver names while they are being loaded.

/ng

Adds the /noguiboot switch to the specified OSEntryLineNum, disabling the Windows XP Professional progress bar that appears before the CTRL+ALT+DEL logon prompt.

/id OSEntryLineNum

Specifies the operating system entry line number in the [operating systems] section of the Boot.ini file to which the operating system load options are added. The first line after the [operating systems] section header is 1.

/?

Displays help at the command prompt.

Examples

The following examples show how you can use the bootcfg /addsw command:
bootcfg /addsw /mm 64 /id 2
bootcfg /addsw /so /id 3
bootcfg /addsw /so /ng /s srvmain /u hiropln /id 2
bootcfg /addsw /ng /id 2
bootcfg /addsw /mm 96 /ng /s srvmain /u maindom\hiropln /p p@ssW23 /id 2

Using Backup for Windows XP

The Backup utility helps you create a copy of the information on your hard disk. In the event that the original data on your hard disk is accidentally erased or overwritten, or becomes inaccessible because of a hard disk malfunction, you can use the copy to restore your lost or damaged data.
Open Backup.

 Notes

• To start Backup, click Start, point to All Programs, point to Accessories, point to System Tools, and then click Backup.
• The Removable Storage service must be started for Backup to work properly. For more information, click Related Topics.
• You can also use the Automated System Recovery Wizard in the Backup utility to help you repair your system.
• For information about using Backup, click the Help menu in Backup.